An excellent model of gravity is that of a spherical weight rolling on a flat stretched rubber sheet. The model is a three-dimensional model of a gravitational process that actually happens in four dimensions. The weight of the sphere distorts the rubber surface, curving (creating areas of acceleration upon) the two dimensional elastic surface. Smaller objects rolling along and creating their own little distortions are curved in their paths of distortion by the larger object's distortion. These paths can be seen as straight lines in curved space, or curved lines in flat space.
This elastic surface model can be extended from a flat local part of space to a global curved whole wavepulse surface.
Stretched elastic sheets and autocatalytic waveforms both hold their shapes forcefully, just as space maintains its shape. Existence is persisting patterns in patterns in wave pulses. The surface of the smoke ring, which is an actual universe, is neither the smoky inside, nor the non-smoky outside, but is instead the persisting surface that divides the inside from the outside. A smoke ring is a small simple wavepulse. The universe is a big complex wavepulse. The smoke ring is a small simple universe. The dynamic smoke ring torus, although of lower dimensions than the universe we live in, is a real universe nonetheless.
As the torus propagates in a straight line, any given area of the dynamic surface is moving in a circular fashion. The torus as a whole is moving in a straight line, but every individual point on the surface is moving in a circle. Einstein showed that gravity is indistinguishable from acceleration. Acceleration (which is gravity) may be linear or angular. In the torus, angular (circular) acceleration expresses gravity in the surface being deflected outward by inertial accumulations of mass and energy. (This is the elastic surface and rolling weight model of spacetime again.)
One view of the force of gravity is of masses moving in straight line through curved space. Another way of seeing the force of gravity is as an attractive exchange of graviton particles in flat space. The view that incorporates both these perspectives is that of an interference pattern between sub-light speed objects moving on an elastically distorted surface with the interference pattern’s interactive nodes of mutually reflective diagonal exchange expanding at the speed of light. The converging lines of space in one gravitational object interfere with the converging lines of space in another gravitational object.
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The two dimensional universe of the torus is finite and unbounded. Though the actual elastic surface area has a quantitative limit, a linear motion upon that curved surface will not ever be hampered. Any rational slope can be mapped out on a torus. Our own expanding universe is also finite and unbounded. The wave propagation forms of the cone and sphere each have their own versions of finiteness, boundedness and curvature and sequence.
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The surface tension of the torus, cone, and sphere are unified in their propagation, even though each kind of shape is experiencing its own kind of accelerations. The relationship between the opposing tensions holds the surface zero energy surface in its particular shape.
The opposing forces in a torus are the contraries of linear and circular. Each shares with the other the burden of propagation.
Eventually, some portion of the propagating torus’s surface becomes slightly pushed outward by accruing wave fluctuation distortions of the field. All objects (waves) create gravity and are drawn together. As the local spot on the propagating torus gathers more mass/energy and bulges out, that spot tends to gather even more mass/energy in a process of positive feedback. More mass attracts even more mass.
The accruing mass and gravity (inertia) at that spot in the torus eventually overcomes the circular tension force of the surface to hold the torus together, and the field collapses. When this happens, the smoke ring bulge stops spinning around the original torus and shoots out in a straight line a new smaller smoke ring, straight along in front of the generating torus smoke ring, still connected to the first by a fine line of smoke surface. This string is the connection between one universe and another. This second smoke ring is a black hole to the first smoke ring, and is a new universe. In the new universe, the directions of X and Y (time and space) have reversed. What was the circular axis is now the straight axis, and the straight axis is now the circular axis. The smoke ring demonstration can easily be performed. It is best to make big slow smoke rings in a room with very still air. The torus’s black hole is not created until most of the energy of the original smoke ring is lost and the smoke ring is moving quite slowly, barely moving.
The torus is the basic shape of exchange. The dynamic torus is found in every energy exchange. The torus is found in the photon exchange, with its perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. The torus is found in tornadoes and hurricanes, in neuron impulses, everything. Matter is the process of the torus in action along three mutually perpendicular axes. While the spherical wave of potentiality expands outward as a probability wave going in all directions, the torus is the collapse into the actuality of an exchange in a single direction. The cone depicts where and when along the potential path of an event's occurance an observation could be made.
This light cone, and its hyperbolic reflection, expand at their opposing bases as slope and time increase. This process goes from a line to a plane.
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In this ordinary universe, there is freedom of motion for masses and energies in space. Motion (momentum) is through three axes of space. Flow through time, however is restricted to a single linear dimension with three locations (position) ; past, present, and future. There is freedom in motion through space, and no freedom in motion through time, objectively. Space is on the outside, and each entity moves through space. Time is on the inside, and time moves through each entity.
In a black hole, matters are reversed. Inside a black hole, time and space mathematically switch places. Instead of an entity being locked in a linear motion through time, in a black hole, travel through time is possible. Past, present, and future are all available axes of motion. Motion through space, however, is restricted to a linear one dimension as the point of the singularity moves through the three axes of ordinary space. All times are available to be at along that line of travel. All points on a line are potential nodes.
Quantum reality and relativity are opposing views, either local or global, of the same thing.
When quantum reality describes a single unit exchange particle, like a torus, relativity describes both the curvature of the space-time that the torus propagates through and the curvature of the surface that is the torus itself.
When relativity describes the curvature of space, quantum reality describes both the nature of objects propagating through space-time and the unity of space-time as a single propagating entity.
On all levels and to all degrees, all things interact with all others. Each entity exists by its own ability to perform the actions needed for it to continue to exist. During this activity of experiencing our common reality, each entity is at the cause of some events and at the effect of other events. In this interactive process each entity is an observer and is observed. Entities include such things as people, cats, bacteria and air molecules.
Nothing is realized (made real) until it is observed. That is where the change in reality occurs, in the observer. As people, the continued life or death of Schrodinger’s cat is not real to us until we observe it. Until then, there are just probabilities of outcomes. In quantum mechanics, an event does not happen until it is observed. Without observation, there is no existence.
It is the case, however, that we, as people, are not the only level of existing things capable of observation and interaction. The cat in the box observes the world and can thus be affected by the potentially activated poison in the box with the cat. The bacteria in the box with the cat also observe the world. If, in their world, the bacteria observe the cat to no longer fight off their invasion, bacterial growth and cat decay are inevitable. Although the cat is some percentage alive and some percentage dead to us, to the bacteria, (and the cat), the matter is settled.
Air molecules will observe and interact with a rotting cat/ growing bacteria amalgam, dispersing concentrations of vapors. If we could only observe directly with our eyes, we would never know if the cat still lives. With no information, there is no change within the observer. A human observer, using only the eyes, might never actually see the cat as living or dead in a light proof box, but the smell would eventually be a dead giveaway. We observe with all our being, and so do all things.
In this way the world progresses even when we are not observing it. We can gain information with all observations. The world is always observing itself on all levels. Our observations include observing the other entities that observe each other and each of us in their interactions of the world.
The feedback process of the projections and reflections of awareness is toward ‘making a difference’ and resolving conflict to harmonic resolution. These are the basic crossed-purpose processes of objectivity and subjectivity.
These two processes are parts of one thing in every action of existence. Together they create a higher level to have distinctions made of, or be seen in a particular way. A new perspective of truth and beauty, that ultimately are two different views of the same thing.
Objective and subjective models can both be displayed by proportional arrays to illustrate the similarity of traits found in all facets of reality.
The forces extant in this universe can also be aligned in an array corresponding to the four components of the physical universe. This alignment starts with a reexamination of the nature of the forces of existence.
At higher temperatures and earlier times, before the spontaneous symmetry breaking occurred, the forces were unified. In the cooler broken symmetry of now, forces are more distinct. The forces to reexamine include the strong nuclear force, the color force, the weak force, gravity, quintescence, and electromagnetism. All these forces can be grouped in a manner that allows them to exactly parallel the physical components of the universe.
The weak force is taken out of the group altogether; it is the only force that is not conserved. The weak force comes into existence and goes out of existence. The function of the weak force is to bring higher groupings of entities into existence and take them out of existence.
The strong force and the color force are the same single force, either inside or outside the proton or neutron.
Gravity and quintessence are different aspects of the same phenomenon, either local or global. While the global torus exerts energy to keep a field flat, an indirect effect is a local accumulation of energy to flow across the field.
And there is electromagnetism. As temperatures cool, unified forces separate. Electromagnetism can be separated into the electric force and the magnetic forces.
The forces that parallel mass, energy, space, and time, are; gravity, the strong force, electricity and magnetism.